{"id":6729,"date":"2024-06-01T13:28:58","date_gmt":"2024-06-01T17:28:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/?page_id=6729"},"modified":"2024-06-25T08:21:44","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T12:21:44","slug":"conservation-ecology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/conservation-ecology\/","title":{"rendered":"Conservation Ecology"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”top” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” full_height=”yes” columns_placement=”top” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”4%” bottom_padding=”4%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”90px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”10″ bottom_padding_desktop=”10″ left_padding_desktop=”10″ right_padding_desktop=”10″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”left” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#e8e8e8″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”10px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”6731″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” img_link_large=”yes” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text]\n

Context<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1717269292825{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}” text_direction=”default”]The MaRRS lab is working on new approaches to study ocean organisms and the roles they play in marine ecosystems. This includes the integration of several technologies, including the use of biologging instruments and quantitative echosounders.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”100″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Baleen whale prey consumption based on high-resolution foraging measurements<\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Abstract<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Baleen whales influence their ecosystems through immense prey consumption and nutrient recycling. It is difficult to accurately gauge the magnitude of their current or historic ecosystem role without measuring feeding rates and prey consumed. To date, prey consumption of the largest species has been estimated using metabolic models based on extrapolations that lack empirical validation. Here, we used tags deployed on seven baleen whale (Mysticeti) species (n\u2009=\u2009321 tag deployments) in conjunction with acoustic measurements of prey density to calculate prey consumption at daily to annual scales from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. Our results suggest that previous studies have underestimated baleen whale prey consumption by threefold or more in some ecosystems. In the Southern Ocean alone, we calculate that pre-whaling populations of mysticetes annually consumed 430 million tonnes of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), twice the current estimated total biomass of E. superba, and more than twice the global catch of marine fisheries today. Larger whale populations may have supported higher productivity in large marine regions through enhanced nutrient recycling: our findings suggest mysticetes recycled 1.2\u2009\u00d7\u2009104\u2009tonnes\u2009iron\u2009yr\u22121 in the Southern Ocean before whaling compared to 1.2\u2009\u00d7\u2009103\u2009tonnes\u2009iron\u2009yr\u22121 recycled by whales today. The recovery of baleen whales and their nutrient recycling services could augment productivity and restore ecosystem function lost during 20th century whaling.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\n

Citation<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1717269490266{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}” text_direction=”default”]Savoca, M.S., Czapanskiy, M.F., Kahane-Rapport, S.R. et al. Baleen whale prey consumption based on high-resolution foraging measurements. Nature 599, 85\u201390 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03991-5<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”5″ divider_color=”accent-color” animate=”yes”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”90px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner top_padding_desktop=”10″ bottom_padding_desktop=”10″ left_padding_desktop=”10″ right_padding_desktop=”10″ column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”left” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#e8e8e8″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”10px” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default”][image_with_animation image_url=”6738″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” img_link_large=”yes” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text]\n

Context<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1717269920008{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}” text_direction=”default”]Explanations for why the largest animals are filter feeders often highlight how gigantism enables the efficient exploitation of large, dense, heterogeneously distributed patches of prey. The flip side of this question is less often explored: what is the minimum body size at which a specific filter-feeding modality is still efficient?[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”100″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

Minke whale feeding rate limitations suggest constraints on the minimum body size for engulfment filtration feeding<\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Abstract<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]Bulk filter feeding has enabled gigantism throughout evolutionary history. The largest animals, extant rorqual whales, utilize intermittent engulfment filtration feeding (lunge feeding), which increases in efficiency with body size, enabling their gigantism. The smallest extant rorquals (7\u201310\u2009m minke whales), however, still exhibit short-term foraging efficiencies several times greater than smaller non-filter-feeding cetaceans, raising the question of why smaller animals do not utilize this foraging modality. We collected 437\u2009h of bio-logging data from 23 Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) to test the relationship of feeding rates (\u03bbf) to body size. Here, we show that while ultra-high nighttime \u03bbf (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009s.d.: 165\u2009\u00b1\u200940 lunges h\u22121; max: 236 lunges h\u22121; mean depth: 28\u2009\u00b1\u200946\u2009m) were indistinguishable from predictions from observations of larger species, daytime \u03bbf (mean depth: 72\u2009\u00b1\u200972\u2009m) were only 25\u201340% of predicted rates. Both \u03bbf were near the maxima allowed by calculated biomechanical, physiological and environmental constraints, but these temporal constraints meant that maximum \u03bbf was below the expected \u03bbf for animals smaller than ~5\u2009m\u2014the length of weaned minke whales. Our findings suggest that minimum size for specific filter-feeding body plans may relate broadly to temporal restrictions on filtration rate and have implications for the evolution of filter feeding.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\n

Citation<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1717270080518{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}” text_direction=”default”]Cade, D.E., Kahane-Rapport, S.R., Gough, W.T. et al. Minke whale feeding rate limitations suggest constraints on the minimum body size for engulfment filtration feeding. Nat Ecol Evol 7, 535\u2013546 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41559-023-01993-2<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][image_with_animation image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”top” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” full_height=”yes” columns_placement=”top” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”4%” bottom_padding=”4%” text_color=”dark”…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6729","page","type-page","status-publish"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6729"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6740,"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6729\/revisions\/6740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marineuas.net\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}